Heads of state or government and Vice-regal representatives

Rhodes Scholars to be heads of national governments, heads of state, or representatives of the Queen at the national level have included:

- Norman Manley (Jamaica & Jesus 1914), Prime Minister of Jamaica;
- Dominic Mintoff (Malta & Hertford 1939), Prime Minister of Malta;
- John Turner (British Columbia & Magdalen 1949), Prime Minister of Canada;
- Bob Hawke (Western Australia & University 1953), Prime Minister of Australia;
- Wasim Sajjad (Pakistan & Wadham 1964), twice interim President of Pakistan; and
- William J. Clinton (Arkansas & University 1968), President of the United States.

Several Rhodes Scholars have headed governments at state or provincial level in a number of countries, and many others have held or hold elected public office.

For information about Rhodes Scholars currently in elected public office, click here.

Rhodes Scholars to have served as representatives of the Queen at the national level include:

- Roland Michener (Alberta & Hertford 1919), Governor-General of Canada;
- Arthur Porritt (Lord Porritt) (New Zealand & Magdalen 1923), Governor-General of New Zealand; and
- Sir Zelman Cowen (Victoria & New College 1941), Governor-General of Australia. For tributes to Sir Zelman on his death in December 2011, click here.

Other Rhodes Scholars have represented the Queen at State or provincial levels (e.g. Sir James Gobbo (Victoria & Magdalen 1952), Governor of Victoria).